What is grown in china

Water is plentiful but unevenly distributed. The management of agriculture and animal production is extensive and production level is low.

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You, L. Wood-Sichra, S. A key partnership began in through a mega-project intensively focused on rice research and training. This huge undertaking of 12 collaborative projects resulted in 49 super rice varieties being released in China since Yields increased to as much as 12 tons per hectare.

China is the world's largest producer of rice, with million tons produced in China's average yield is around 6. As of , Genetically-engineered rice was being grown in China. Protein from this rice has show up in Europe, where GM rice is banned. In February , The EU placed restrictions on imported rice from China after some imports were found to contain a genetically-modified strain banned in the EU.

Cotton bioengineered to withstand attacks from the cotton bollworm were introduced to north China around the year The cotton was engineered o produce a toxinoriginally found in a soil bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis that was effective keeping the bollworm away and reducing the need for pesticide. Opponents of GM crops warned that the bollworms would develop resistance to the toxin and become more damaging than ever.

Instead by eliminating the bollworms as a threat a new pest emergedmirid bugsthat were not affected by the toxin and multiplied. Not only did they end up causing more damage than the bollworms they also devoured crops other than cotton such as grapes, apples, peaches and pears. Farmers handled the problem by using more pesticides than they did before the GM cotton was introduced. China has pumped billions of dollars into biotechnology with much of the research oriented towards boosting food supplies.

Tan Ee Lyn of Reuters wrote: Ingo Potrykus, the retired, Swiss-based co-inventor of vitamin A-packed "golden rice", said China could fill a void in securing widespread use and recognition. His variety was withheld from the market for 10 years because of regulations surrounding transgenic food.

At the institute's laboratory, another geneticist, Zhang Gengyun, is working with colleagues on flasks containing rice saplings -- another Chinese staple. They want to identify gene segments in rice that are behind high yields and better root systems, so that more rice may be produced using less land and water. Extra fertilisers are dumped into our water system, which damage our environment," Zhang said.

Zhang's team hopes to identify the genes they want and transfer them into target rice species in three years using conventional breeding. That, he believes, will skirt whatever fears Chinese consumers may have. It is conventional breeding The problem is not China's alone. Leading economist Jeffrey Sachs published articles in Nature magazine in July calling for serious preparations to feed a global population that will grow to 9. Genetic modification technology will help, he said, but its consequences on human health and the environment must be closely monitored.

International experts believe China can take a leading role in promoting the eventual acceptance transgenic or genetically modified GM produce. Most wheat produced in China is grown in the northeast, which is suffering from the water shortages, droughts and the overpumping of aquifers Northeast China embraces the largest wheat-growing region in the world.

Wheat is one of the world's top food crops and one of the first to be cultivated. The development of wheat agriculture is credited with dividing the Stone Age from the age of civilized man. Wheat can easily be grown, handled and stored and keeps so well it can shipped anywhere and stored for years.

It yields a large amount of food for its weight and can be used in making a wide variety of foods: bread in Germany, noodles in China, pasta in Italy, couscous in North Africa, and breakfast cereal in the United States.

Most wheat is divided into two types: hard wheat and soft wheat. Hard wheat such as durums are used to make pastas and soft wheats are used in pastries, noodles and mixed with other grains for bread. Soft wheats alone lack the stickiness to make bread and stiffness for pasta. Virtually all of the wheat grown in China is fairly low quality, which works fine for making noodles, an important food, particularly in northern China. China imports some high-grade wheat every year for use in bread and pastries, which are becoming increasingly popular in the cities.

Chinese-grown wheat is almost never suitable for making croissants and other Western delicacies that are not easily baked, agriculture experts said. Wheat is a member of the grass family and thus is very hardy. It grows well in areas with both plentiful rain and little rain but generally needs mm of rain or irrigation water a year,. The best soils for wheat are deep, well drained loams. Winter wheat is grown in places with mild winters.

It is planted in the fall. After it takes root it stops growing until spring, when it starts growing again. It is harvested in the early summer with enough time to allow for the planting for another crop for the summer. Winter wheats originated in the Crimea area, north of the Black Sea.

In much of the world wheat agriculture is highly mechanized. After the ground is prepared with a tractor-pulled plough made up of steel disks, wheat is sown with mechanical sowers using both the broadcasting scattering and drilling methods.

Wheat is resistant to most diseases and pests. Once it starts growing it needs little maintenance. Its tall, thin stems grow close together to keeps weeds out. Timing is important for the harvest. If the wheat is cut too soon it will not keep well. If it is cut too late, the seeds will scatter in the harvesting process.

In the old days wheat was harvested with a sickle. Now it is harvested with a mechanical cutter called a reaper. After harvesting wheat chaff and stalks need to be winnowed from the grains. In the old days this was done by hand. Now it is done by machines called threshers. A combine is combination reaper and thresher that does both the cutting and threshing. The machines used to harvest and winnow wheat had a great impact on agriculture by reducing the number of people needed to work the fields.

Other experts say expect China to begin buying substantial amounts of wheat abroad soon. But those totals are small compared with global output that according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations reached million metric tons in , the most recent year for which figures are available.

China accounted for one-sixth of global wheat production that year, which could make a broad failure of the Chinese crop hard to replace immediately. Winter wheat. There are concerns that if China needs to import wheat in volume it will create shortages elsewhere.

Local and provincial governments are also providing financial help Wen toured drought-stricken regions in late January and then held a cabinet meeting to discuss the problem. Agricultural experts say it is too early to assess the damage to the wheat harvest. Because of the recent precipitation, drought-control officials said last week that about one-tenth of the drought-stricken area had received adequate moisture for now.

Some of it is made into soy sauce and tofu but much it is crushed into cattle feed. China produced about Most soybeans grown in China are produced in Heilongjiang province in the northeast. The industry is threaten by imports from the United States, which produce beans with a higher oil content. In many cases soybeans can be sent more cheaply to crushing plants on the Chinese coast from the United States than from Heilongjiang. Soybeans are one of the world's most versatile foods.

They can be dried, boiled. There are nearly 7, varieties of soybeans ranging color from green to red to white with brown marble patterns. The most familiar one is yellow. Soy beans as we know them do not grow in the wild. The largest producers are Brazil and the United States.

Soybeans come from wild soybeans, ground-dwelling vines that are found in northeastern China and very different from modern, commercial soy bean plants. The black and brown beans from these wild plants were collected by prehistoric Chinese at least by B. Soy beans were not known by Europeans until a German physician in Japan wrote about them in They remained largely unknown in the West until This made double-cropping possible in some areas, and in some places, even triple-cropping became possible According to the Buddhist monk, Shu Wenying, the Song Emperor Zhengzhong , when he learned that Champa rice was drought-resistant, sent special envoys to bring samples back to China.

Embree and Carol Gluck Armonk, N. Sharpe, , To feed all the city people, most Chinese had to remain farmers. The rectangular fields in this scene from the scroll left are divided by irrigation channels, but the scene does not give us enough information to determine which crops are growing there.