In order to break the monopoly of Turks to high office and to make them dependent on her will she offered some of the higher posts to non-Turkish Muslims.
One such was Jamal-ud-din Yaqut, an Abyssinian. He was appointed Amir Akhur. Opposition to Razia: There was a section of the people, however, which could never bear the idea of a woman being the head of the state. Others felt unhappy because she would not allow them as much latitude as they desired.
All the early attempt against Razia but were suppressed. All those who feared being suspects in the eyes of the Queen became apprehensive about their security and became political rebels.
Some Provincial governors became hostile and engaged themselves in conspiracy against Razia Sultan. Downfall of Razia Sultan: The Turkish nobles now formed a plan of an organized resistance. They wanted to weaken royalty permanently vis-a-vis the nobility. The leader of this conspiracy was Malik Ikhtiyar-ud-din Aitigin who had risen from the office of the governor of Badaun. Aitigin felt that no large-scale rising was possible in Delhi as long as the queen was present there because of her precautionary measures.
The plans were therefore laid out with great care. Altuniya the governor of Bhatinda first raised the standard of revolt. Razia immediately proceeded against him at the head of an army. Aitigin and his fellow-conspirators captured Yaqut and killed him and then made common cause with Altuniya to defeat and capture Razia.
She was entrusted to the care of Altuniya and the rest of the nobles returned to the capital. The populace of Delhi, though overwhelmingly in favor of Razia, could offer no resistance because there was none to lead it. The nobles returning from Bhatinda recognized Bahram as the Sultan which made his position comparatively strong. He assumed the style of Muiz-ud-din Bahram and ruled from to Death of Razia : Muiz-ud-din Bahram had got the throne no doubt but he never enjoyed the substance of power.
Before his accession, he had to agree to all the terms proposed by the nobles. But, Malik Altuniya did not figure anywhere in the division of loaves and fishes of office. Being absent from Delhi, nobody seemed to have remembered him. In the meantime Altuniya succumbed to the charms and intelligence of Razia and married her.
He now tried to seize Delhi on behalf of his wife and sovereign. A historical fiction book titled — Razia: Queen of India has been written based on her life by Rafiq Zakaria. She has her own title in the reputed Indian comic book series, Amar Chitra Katha.
She features in an online comic strip titled Razia Sultan by Halima Voyles and remains inspirational for every little girl who is told she is not as good as her brothers. Pooja Priyamvada is a columnist, professional translator and an online content and Social Media consultant. She has an M. A single parent and fibromyalgia survivor, she believes that she derives her strength from being a voracious reader and a tea connoisseur.
Her translation titled A Night in the Hills, a collection of short stories by Manav Kaul has been published by Westland Books recently, besides she also translates for other forums like the Sahitya Akademi and The Raza Foundation. She is the author of an e-book Mental Health: A Primer. Her poetry and fiction have been published in several reputed online journals and print anthologies in India, UK and Canada and a few poems can be read with a hot cup of coffee on the walls of The Human Bean Cafe, Cobourg, Toronto.
In the medieval world it was rare for a woman to hold power. It seems incredible to read the story of Raziya of Delhi, not only because she was chosen to lead a realm, but the way she fought to keep it. Raziya Radiya in Arabic was the first and only female ruler of the Mamluk Sultanate of Delhi, ruling during the years Her reign was extraordinary not only because of her gender, but also because her father chose her to be his successor over her two half-brothers based solely on her merit and intelligence.
Hi I read your article on Razia Sultan History. This is very useful and Helpful information for all users. Thanks to create this great content for Us. I also a tech Blog and posted some information regarding this. Buy Now! Friday, November 12, Sign in. Forgot your password? Get help. Password recovery. Feminism In India. About the author s. Pooja Priyamvada. Feminist media needs feminist allies! Razia's marriage to Altunia was apparently endorsed by their followers, and it proved central to the revolt against those who had dethroned her at Delhi.
Razia's popularity with her subjects must have further aroused the envy of the Amirs and Maliks, setting the nobles against her on yet another score. According to Zakaria, it was because Minhaj shared the attitude of the nobles and of his patron Balban that he portrayed her in his writings as a coward—for example, saying that she met her death hiding in a corner where she was killed by Hindu robbers—in the final battle with Balban that claimed her life. But their accounts have never achieved the authority of Minhaj's.
Two later historians, Isami and Barani, attempted to reconstruct the facts from family accounts Isami or independent analysis Barani. Isami's history is noteworthy for its contradiction of Minhaj's account of Razia's death; in Isami's telling, the sultana fought along with Altunia in two battles before she was finally killed.
Other sources, while providing valuable details about the time that Razia lived, attribute little significance to her life.
As sultana, Razia reportedly sought to abolish the tax on non-Muslims but met opposition from the nobility. By way of response, Razia is said to have pointed out that the spirit of religion was more important than its parts, and that even the Muslim Prophet spoke against overburdening the non-Muslims. On another occasion, Razia reportedly tried to appoint an Indian Muslim convert from Hinduism to an official position but again ran into opposition from the nobles.
In this case she yielded, having concluded that the bonds of Islam were weaker than old prejudices. Razia was reportedly devoted to the cause of her empire and to her subjects. There is no record that she made any attempt to remain aloof from her subjects, rather it appears she preferred to mingle among them. Her tolerance of Hinduism would later bring her criticism from Muslim historians. Razia established schools, academies, centers for research, and public libraries that included the works of ancient philosophers along with the Koran and the Traditions of the Prophet.
Hindu works in the sciences, philosophy, astronomy, and literature were reportedly studied in schools and colleges. Crumbling and covered by dust and grime, the tomb has clearly suffered the ravages of time. The grave is surrounded on all sides by unattractive residential buildings. Meanwhile modern-day encroachers have placed plastic sheets around the tomb and started to live in it, turning it into an urban ghetto.
In the thirteenth century, the site of the tomb was a jungle, and no one knows how Razia's body ended up where it lies today. Though a second grave accompanies Razia's, the identity of the occupant is unknown. Some of the local residents have turned the tomb into a place of worship, where prayers are conducted five times each day.
All rights reserved. Home Biography Razia Razia. The Delhi Sultanate In A. Iltutmish Although Qutb-ud-din's son Aram Baksh inherited the throne in following the death of his father, he quickly proved himself to be incompetent.
Razia Sultana Iltutmish became the first sultan to appoint a woman as his successor when he designated his daughter Razia as his heir apparent. End of the Delhi Sultanate The Slave dynasty would come to an end some fifty years after the death of Razia. Early Sources The Tabakat-I-Nasiri is a generalized history of Delhi that ends at about , about twenty years after the death of Razia.
Razia's Legacy As sultana, Razia reportedly sought to abolish the tax on non-Muslims but met opposition from the nobility.
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