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J Pharmacol Sci. Download references. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. KF conceived the study. RN and KP validated the analysis. KF and RN authored the studies and all other authors review and revised the manuscript.
All authors have read and approved the final manuscript. Correspondence to Konstantinos Farsalinos. None of the authors report any competing interests relevant to the theme of this study. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
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If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Reprints and Permissions. Farsalinos, K. Smoking prevalence among hospitalized COVID patients and its association with disease severity and mortality: an expanded re-analysis of a recent publication.
Harm Reduct J 18, 9 Download citation. Received : 24 June Accepted : 03 November Published : 16 January Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Skip to main content. Search all BMC articles Search. Download PDF. Results A total of patients were included, with being smokers.
Methods The same studies as examined by Karanasos et al. Table 1 Characteristics of the studies included in the analysis, and gender and age-adjusted expected smoking prevalence based on population smoking rates Full size table.
Results The characteristics of the studies are presented in Table 1. Full size image. Discussion This re-analysis of the recently published study by Karanasos et al. Availability of data and materials The study presents an analysis of data presented in other studies.
References 1. Article Google Scholar 2. Article Google Scholar 6. Article PubMed Google Scholar Article Google Scholar Acknowledgements None.
Funding No funding was provided for this study. View author publications. Ethics declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate Not applicable. The present study is an analysis of published studies using anonymized data. Consent for publication Not applicable. Competing interests None of the authors report any competing interests relevant to the theme of this study.
Additional information Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. About this article. Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Fast Facts. Minus Related Pages. On This Page. Diseases and Death. For every person who dies because of smoking, at least 30 people live with a serious smoking-related illness.
Smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD , which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Smoking also increases risk for tuberculosis, certain eye diseases, and problems of the immune system, including rheumatoid arthritis.
Smoking is a known cause of erectile dysfunction in males. Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death. Worldwide, tobacco use causes more than 7 million deaths per year. This is about one in five deaths annually, or 1, deaths every day. This represents about one in every 13 Americans aged 17 years or younger who are alive today.
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